Engineering Journal: February 2019

Comparison of Two Technologies in Hot Water Preparation in Terms of Source Location

Abstract - The present article describes two different types of technology used in hot water preparation, their advantages and disadvantages, spatial requirements and measuring technology. The facts described herein may be used when deciding on which technology should be used for which type of hot water supply and central heating.

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Performance evaluation of Activated Sludge Process in Dairy Waste water Treatment

Abstract— Wastewater from dairy industries generally has oils and greases in high concentration and contains high concentration of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD). This experimental study is being initiated to evaluate an Activated Sludge Process (ASP) with mixed bacteria for dairy waste water treatment. A three phase study was carried out by varying hydraulic retention time (HRT). The study is being undertaken in two steps in which the bacteria is being cultured in a medium by the process of acclimatization. The later stage will be the determination of the operating parameters. The characteristics of dairy industry waste water were studied and the performance was analyzed. A lab-scale ASP was set up for the study of the performance in treatment of effluent. The effect of various aeration time phases were analyzed in the lab scale Aeration Process for the HRT time of (2, 4, 6) hrs respectively. ASP efficiently removes BOD, COD and nutrients when designed and professionally operated according to local requirements. From the effects of various HRT, the 6 hrs HRT was more efficient in removal of the organic matter. The removal efficiency of COD, BOD and TSS were 97%, 97.5% and 96% respectively. In this process all the parameters were within the standard discharge limits. Hence, the enhancement of organic removal from dairy effluent using ASP was found feasible

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A brief review on augmented reality based google glass

Abstract—Augmented reality that is Wearable technology is fast becoming a part of our technological life. There are many devices, from dresses to headphones that can record your day-to- day life. The maturing field of wearable computing aims to inter- weave computing devices into everyday life. This report focuses on smart glasses, one of the categories of wearable computing devices which is present in the media. This paper provides a concise overview of the history and context of Glass based on AR technology. The intended purpose of smart Glass products would be the hands-free displaying of information currently available to most smartphone users, and allowing for interaction with the Internet via natural language voice commands.

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Statistical Analysis Approach to Reduce Inter Channel Interference by using Kalaman Filter in term of BER & SNR

Abstract— Many wireless networks have adapted the same communication approach. The OFDM communication is very much inspired from the channel frequencies over the network. In such a network some kind of orthogonal distortion occurs over the channel called Inter Carrier Interference. In this work, we are presenting the concept of mathematical model called Kalman filter to analyze the signal interference and to resolve the problem. In first phase the signal is analyzed for the disruption using Kalman filter and adaptive filter is implemented to reduce the ICI over the signal. The mathematical analysis is performed by using Extended Kalman filter. The result analysis has been performed with respect to BER and the SNR. A novel spatial Kalman filtering scheme is proposed as the second stage to successively cancel the ICI. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed two-stage method and its robustness to channel estimation uncertainties that may arise in practical systems.

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Engineering Journal: January 2019

Primary Investigation of Small-medium cities' Property Management Charging Difficulty

Abstract— As property management fee is the blood guaranteeing normal operation of property management activities, as well as a big issue involving the immediate interests of owners and real estate users, it receives great concern by owners and real estate management companies. In addition, it is a common phenomenon in the industry that property management fee collection is difficult. Directly related to the survival and development of real estate industry, it will also influence residential owners' comfortable housing and stability of residential area construction.

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The Implementation and Countermeasures of Green Property Management in Sanmenxia City under the Background of Urbanization

Abstract— Promoting the concept of green property management is based on the construction of Green House under the background of urbanization and the owner's demand for green consumption. Taking Sanmenxia as an example, the implementation of green properties reflects people's requirements for living environment. Meanwhile, property management has transformed from a one-way management model to a comprehensive management efficiency model. The model of property management is also developing towards green property management.

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A Game Theoretic Framework for Cognitive Radio Networks Using Adaptive Channel Allocation Spectrum

Abstract— In this research, we propose a game theoretic framework to investigate the behavior of the cognitive radio networks for distributed adaptive channel allocation. We illustrate two separate objective functions for spectrum sharing games, which capture the benefit of selfish users and cooperative users, respectively. Based on utility definition for cooperative users, we determine that the channel allocation problem can be formed as the potential game, and converges to a deterministic channel allocation Nash equilibrium point. Alternatively, no regret learning implementation is proposed for both scenarios. Also, it is pointed to have similar performance with the possible game when cooperation is expected, but with a higher variability beyond users. The no regret learning formulation is beneficial to accommodate selfish users. Non-cooperative learning games have very low overhead for information interchange in the network. We point that cooperation-based spectrum sharing protocol improves the overall network performance at expense of an extended overhead needed for information exchange.

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Feeding Habits, Length-Weight Relation, and Growth Pattern of Snakehead Fish (Channa striata) from The Rice Field of Jejangkit Muara Village, Barito Kuala Regency, South Kalimantan Province, Indonesia

Abstract—The research about "feeding habits, length-weight relationship and growth pattern of snakehead fish which caught in rice field JejangkitMuara, South Kalimantan" had been done during June-August 2018which divides into two parts: rice field JejangkitMuara village, Barito Kuala regency, South Kalimantan province for sampling, and identification at Fish Nutrition Laboratory, Aquaculture Department, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine, LambungMangkurat University, Banjarbaru. The aims of the research were to analyze feeding habits, relation between length-weight and growth pattern of snakehead fish (Channastriata) which caught in rice field JejangkitMuara village, Barito Kuala regency, South Kalimantan province. The results of the research showed that the length-weight relation with formula W = 0.8191 L ^0,7762with value of r = 0.321092 which mean that length-weight relationships indicated the pattern of negative allometric type of growth (b<3). Snakehead fish has the fish as their primary feeding habits.

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Engineering Journal: December 2018

Composition Determination of Corrosion Products from Downhole Tubular of a Sour Gas Well Using new XRD and WDXRF Procedures and Configurations

Abstract—Corrosion study and control of downhole tubing and casing are critical for the economical and safe operation of oil and gas wells. Chemical composition investigation of corrosion products plays a key role in the identification of the corrosion mechanism and the determination of its root cause. In this study, the analytical techniques of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometry were used to determine the chemical composition of corrosion products formed on the pulled-out-of-hole (POOH) flow coupling and full joints of a sour gas well in Saudi Arabia. The samples were in the form of metal cuts and could not be prepared with the routine method for XRD and WDXRF analysis. These unconventional samples were handled using an adapted XRD configuration: X-ray point focus rather than line focus and an open eulerian cradle. With the new setup, XRD phase identification and quantification were successfully performed. It was found that the outer diameter surface of the pulled flow coupling and full joints consisted mainly of iron oxides whereas the inner diameter surface consisted mainly of iron sulfides. The XRD findings were further confirmed by WDXRF analysis. The findings suggested that the corrosion products were formed under different conditions.

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The optimal configuration of turbines location in a wind farm using a Genetic Algorithm

Abstract— The placement of wind turbines is a key technology for wind farm configuration, but the automatic placement of turbines is always still a difficult problem. The objective of every wind farm designer is producing as maximum as possible of energy, with minimal cost of installation The improved wind and turbine models are formulated into an optimal control framework in terms of minimizing the cost per unit energy of the wind farm. In this study, a code Wind Farm Optimization using a Genetic Algorithm (WFOAG) is developed for optimizing the placement of wind turbines in wind farm to minimize the cost per unit power produced from the wind farm. A genetic algorithm is employed for the optimization. WFOAG is validated using the results from previous studies.

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Improvement of Biometric Authentication System Applying Fingerprint

Abstract—.The biometric system plays an important role in everyone life. To identify one identity, the finger is one of many forms of the biometrics are generally used. The fingerprint is the verified function to identify a match between two person’s fingerprints. Here a simple and effective system for biometric fingerprint based voter identity system has been proposed that is based on image enhancement and correct minutiae extraction. Automatic and reliable extraction of minutiae from fingerprint images is a critical step in fingerprint matching. In this research a fast fingerprint enhancement and minutiae extraction algorithm have been presented which improve the clarity of the ridge and valley structures of the input fingerprint images based on the frequency and orientation of the local ridges and thereby extracting correct minutiae.

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Kalman Filter Based Approach of a signal by removing ICI for OFDM Channel

Abstract— This paper deals with the case of a high speed mobile receiver operating in an orthogonal-frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) communication system. The OFDM communication is very much inspired from the channel frequencies over the network. In such network some kind of orthogonal distortion occurs over the channel called Inter carrier Interference. Here we will improve the ICI using Kalman Filtering improved by using repetitive slot and correlated channel tap.

The proposed work of this paper is when data travel over some channel it suffers from the problem of interference. The interference results the high signal to noise ratio as well as high bit error rate. The proposed system will improved the signal by removing the different kind of impurities over the signal. These impurities include the ICI, PAPR and the noise over the signal. The signal will be more effective than standard OFDM. So we needn't many pilot symbols in practice, still can ensure the algorithm performance and reduce the time- delay and complexity of this algorithm.

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Engineering Journal: November 2018

Constructing an Algorithm for Selecting the Number of Histogram Bins in Statistical Hypothesis Testing for Normal Distribution of Sample Data

Abstract— Practice, on the whole, makes extensive use of the vast range of assumptions and conjectures in regards to the type of frequency distribution in statistical samples, the deviations from which would significantly affect the qualities of the model and the estimation accuracy of its parameters. Regrettably, a reliable and clearly defined criterion as to their permissibility is completely absent.

For instance the fish stock assessment procedure is initially based on assumption that the frequencies in the length-frequency samples used for estimation of growth parameters of fish and analysis of the stock status are normally distributed or follow approximately the normal distribution [15,17].

The purpose of the present study is to construct an algorithm for identification of the statistical distribution of a random variable focusing on the proper selection of the number of histogram bins and further assessment of its impact on the stochastic models delivered. To that effect, appropriate simulation studies have been carried out to compensate for the lack of any concrete evidence related to the potential impact of the number of bins in the histogram and the overall data accuracy on the results of the application of the statistical criterion for the verification of the law of distribution. Applied has been the direct statistical method for determining the law of the distribution - chi-square criteria along with some indirect methods. Provided for the simulation studies were machine-generated data sets and the relevant simulations were held in MATLAB programming environment.

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Experimental Research of Thermal Resistance of Hot Water Heater Insulation

Abstract - The present article describes the experimental measurements of thermal resistance of the PUR insulation installed in the selected type of hot water heaters that are necessary for the purpose of identification of heat output or heat loss in the given heater.

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Application of Physical Similarity in the Transfer of Results from a Model to a Prototype

Abstract - The process of heat distribution through heat networks is accompanied with significant loss. That is why distributors of heat and hot water are nowadays very interested in these issues. The drawbacks of the existing methods of heal loss calculation brought the necessity of searching new procedures of such calculation.

The article presents a possibility of using the similarity theory and modelling in order to transpose results from an experimental heat network to any other network that will be similar to the experimental network with regard geometry, kinematics, as well as heat parameters.

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Material Conversion of Waste Aluminoborosilicate Glass into Faujasite-type Zeolite using Alkali Fusion

Abstract—A large amount of liquid crystal display (LCD) television becomes popular for the last decades, and the amount of waste LCD panels will increase soon. LCD panels mainly consist of aluminoborosilicate glass, and it is difficult to recycle aluminoborosilicate glass using the same recycling method of soda-lime glass, due to the high strain point. Therefore, a novel recycling method for aluminoborosilicate is desired. In this study, we attempted to convert waste aluminoborosilicate glass powder into faujasite-type zeolite using alkali fusion method. Waste aluminoborosilicate glass powder (< 300 μm) were mixed with NaOH powder (the weight ratio of NaOH / aluminoborosilicate = 1.0 - 2.0), and then heated at 100 – 800 ^oC for 0.5 - 7 h to make a fused material with high solubility. This fused material was agitated in distilled water for one day, then heated at 80 ^oC for 24 hours to synthesize zeolite product. Most of the aluminoborosilicate glass were converted into soluble phases by alkali fusion with NaOH (NaOH / sample = 1.5) at 400 ^oC for 0.5 h, and could be transformed into faujasite-type zeolite. The cation exchange capacity (CEC) of the zeolite product is 1.9 mmol/g, which is 31 times higher than that of raw glass powder, and is 59% of CEC for commercial faujasite-type zeolite 13X (3.2 mmol/g). Zeolitization process from agitated material can be explained by theconcentrations of Si, Al and B in the product and the crystallinity of faujasite-typezeolite in the product.

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Cybernetic Approach to Fisheries Management

Abstract— The management of the living marine resources (stocks) exploitation entails the pursuit of a science-based policy in order to preserve the reproductive capacity of the stocks and their sustainable development in the course of time i.e. maintaining the stocks biomass levels within safe biological limits [27,28].

The excessive increase in catches (fishing effort) due to unscrupulous exploitation can result in irreversibly collapsed biological basis for their existence [19,27,28]. The situation thus created is further exacerbated by the incomplete or poor-quality information about the development of the stocks potential. The present paper advances the adoption of cybernetic approach to the analysis of the management and exploitation of the living marine resources. Proposed also is a block diagram of the stock management system in a context of uncertainty and the use of the precautionary approach and step algorithm for the collection, analysis, processing of information and evaluation of the parameters and the reference biological indicators of the respective biological objects, on the basis of which the target (the target management indicator) is to be set.

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Engineering Journal: October 2018

Comparison of carbon nanotube and soot reinforced rubber mixtures and their mechanical-morphological properties

Abstract— In our study, we investigated 2 different natural rubber mixtures with CNT’s and shoot. The aim was to compare the results of samples and their mechanical effects with a shore. A hardness tester, a tensile strength instrument before and after vulcanisation (t=30; 60; and 90minutes) during the UV-ageing processes. The hardness results represented the different after the degradation process that was 10 % different between the samples.

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Simultaneous analysis of nitro compounds by Voltammetric method combined with the principal component regression (PCR)

Abstract— The ability to simultaneously determine 6 nitro compounds including nitrobenzene (NB), 2-nitrophenol (2-NP), 3-nitrophenol (3-NP), 4-nitrophenol (4-NP), 2,4- dinitrophenol (DNP) and trinitrophenol (TNT) in the same samples was investigated by differential pulse Voltammetry on hanging mercury drop electrodes (HMDE), in acetate buffer of pH 4.6. It was found that peak potentials of voltammetric reduction waves of NB, 2-NP, 3-NP and 4-NP appeared at - 0.297, - 0.251, - 0.267 and - 0.337 V respectively. Under the same conditions there are three peak potentials at -0.076, - 0.161, - 0.267 V for TNT and two peaks at tại - 0.176, - 0.282V for DNT. The peaks of these compounds are very close together. Due to the serious overlapping of Voltammetric peaks of these compounds in the mixtures, so that by a conventional Voltammetry it not possible to individually determine each compound. In this study, the linear multivariate regression method such as principal component regression (PCR) was used to resolve the overlapped Voltammograms. The obtained relative standard error (RSEt) of method is less 10%. The percent of recoveries were within ± 10% of the target value. The developed method was then applied to the analysis of these nitro-substituted aromatic compounds in field samples with similar satisfactory results.

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Isopropyl myristate continuous synthesis in a packed-bed reactor using lipase immobilized on magnetic polymer matrix

Abstract— The aim of this study was to synthesize isopropyl myristate, an emollient ester, in a continuous-flow packed-bed reactor using Candida antarctica lipase immobilized on poly(styrene-co-divinylbenzene) matrix prepared by suspension polymerization and magnetized by co-precipitation of Fe²⁺ and Fe³⁺ in alkaline medium. To determine the best esterification conditions, we investigated the effects of acid/alcohol molar ratio (1:5, 1:10, and 1:15) on reaction yield in shake flasks. The three tested conditions provided similar results, esterification yields of approximately 80%. An acid/alcohol molar ratio of 1:15 was chosen for further experiments because it allowed for better operability of the bioreactor. Subsequently, we compared the reactor performance in up flow and down flow modes. This experiment showed that greater ease of operation was achieved with down flow operation. We also evaluated the influence of space time (8 and 20 h) on reaction yield and productivity. A space time of 8 h provided better results. An experimental system consisting of two bioreactors and a molecular sieve packed column was used to remove the water formed during esterification and thus increase the yield of isopropyl myristate. There was a significant improvement in performance with the use of the two-stage system, which resulted in almost complete conversion of reagents, an increase of about 150% in biocatalyst half-life, and an isopropyl myristate productivity of 25 g L⁻¹ h⁻¹, confirming the beneficial effect of adding a water extraction column to the experimental system.

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Engineering Journal: September 2018

Study on Impact of Biomedical Engineering in Dentistry

Abstract— Dentistry is a major branch of medicine. It deals with the study and the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of diseases of the oral cavity, adjacent structures and tissues [1]. Biomedical engineering is an interdisciplinary branch of engineering science that deals with the application of engineering principles in the field of biology and medicine for the betterment of health [2]. Being an ancient branch of medicine, dentistry largely needs a lot of technical instruments for its purpose to serve its patients [3].

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Comparative Study of Bit Error Rate in LDPC Based OFDM System over AWGN Channels

Abstract— Modern communication systems are increasingly adopting new Morden technologies like OFDM and LDPC for achieving high performance, low Bit Error Rate (BER) and high capacity. The OFDM communication is very much inspired from the channel frequencies over the network. In such a network some kind of orthogonal distortion occurs over the channel called Inter Carrier Interference.

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Computational analysis to predict role of human microRNAs in Ebola virusgenome

Abstract— The Ebola virus is one of the most dangerous viruses in Filoviridae family. It causes fatal hemorrhagic fever in both non-human and human primates. The fatality rate is up to ninety percent. There is no effective treatment against EBOV infection so far. By using host microRNAs, we have explored for potential anti-viral therapeutics against EBOV infection, which may down-regulate viral gene expression in order to suppress viral replication. We have identified eight human miRNAs from eight potential hairpin sequences of EBOV genome. Our study provided an interesting hypothesis that those miRNAs are hsa-miR-3915, hsa-miR-6750-5p, hsa-miR-4452, hsa-miR-4796-5p, hsa-miR-671-3p, hsa-miR-5096, hsa-miR-302c-3p and hsa-miR-2054. We suggested that these hairpin sequences could be use as anti-viral therapeutics to quell the replication of EBOV infection in human.

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Performance evaluation of different bedding media in aquaponic system for growth and production of okra and tilapia

Abstract— Aquaponics is the marriage of aquaculture and hydroponic technologies. Present research was accomplished to evaluate the relative performance of only gravels (T₁), only coconut husk (T₂) and mixture of gravels and coconut husk (1:1 in volume) (T₃) as media in aquaponic system to grow okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) and tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Each treatment had three replications of similar bedding media. Nine food grade plastic containers filled with media and a 180 liter plastic water tank were used to construct the aquaponic system for growing okra and tilapia, respectively. In each bedding container, 4 okra seeds were sown and tilapia with initial length of 13.65 ± 1.88 cm and weight of 46.04 ± 20.93 g were stocked at the rate of 144 fish/m³ in the fish tank. Tilapia were fed twice a day at the rate of 3% for premier month, 2% for next month and 1.5% of body weight for the remaining time. Fish and plants were sampled biweekly during the whole study period. Data analysis revealed that the treatment T₃ performed best followed by T₁ and T₂, respectively in terms of okra plant growth performances with respect to duration of plant growth in different growth stages, plant height, leaf number per plant, leaf area and branch number per plant. Okra production was shown significantly greater (P ≤ 0.05) in the treatment T₃ (9.08 ± 1.25 kg/m²/157 days) pursued by T₁ (7.5 ± 1.83 kg/m²/157 days) and T₂ (3.83 ± 2.33 kg/m²/157 days), respectively. At the termination of the study, the length gain and weight gain of tilapia were 6.64 ± 0.1 cm and 104.76 ± 20.78 g, respectively. Total tilapia yield was recorded 138.80 tons/ha/157 days with 92.3% survival and FCR of 1.96. The water quality parameters and the nutrient concentrations in influent and effluent water remained within suitable ranges for tilapia production as well as the growth of okra. Therefore, the mixture of gravels and coconut husk media showed incentive performance in plant growth and production of okra compared to the individual media and at the same time the tilapia production was also satisfactory.

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A Review on Health Insurance Claim Fraud Detection

Abstract— The anomaly or outlier detection is one of the applications of data mining. The major use of anomaly or outlier detection is fraud detection. Health care fraud leads to substantial losses of money each year in many countries. Effective fraud detection is important for reducing the cost of Health care system. This paper reviews the various approaches used for detecting the fraudulent activities in Health insurance claim data. The approaches reviewed in this paper are Hierarchical Hidden Markov Models and Non Negative Matrix Factorization. The data mining goals achieved and functions performed in these approaches have given in this paper.

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Engineering Journal: August 2018

A multi-grid finite-volume method for free-surface flows

Abstract—A depth-averaged subcritical and/or supercritical, steady, free-surface flow numerical model is developed to calculate physical hydraulic flow parameters in open channels. The vertically averaged free-surface flow equations are numerically solved using an explicit finite-volume numerical scheme in integral form. The grid used may be irregular and conforms to the physical boundaries of any problem. A multi-grid algorithm has been developed and has subsequently been applied to accelerate the convergence solution. A grid clustering technique is also applied. The numerical approach is straight forward and the flow boundary conditions are easy enforced. The capabilities of the proposed method are demonstrated by analyzing subcritical flow in an abrupt converging-diverging open channel flume as well calculating supercritical flows in an expansion channel. The computed results are satisfactorily compared with available measurements as well as with other numerical technique results. Very coarse grid gives satisfactory comparison results. The explicit numerical code can be utilized, within the assumptions made about the nature of the flow, for various vertically averaged free-surface flow calculations. Scope is to simulate free-surface flows of practical interest in a straight forward way. It can be extended to channel designs.

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New Formula for Lasik Surgery on Myopic & Hypermetropic Eyes

Abstract— In this paper a new formula is derived for Lasik surgery on Myopic and Hypermetropic eyes. This article has given another formula to calculate the depth of cornea to be ablated, derived mathematically.

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Reducing the Amount of Hard Drive Memory Used For Storing Elements of Abstract Data Types

Abstract— This article proposes, presents and analyzes a new method of saving hard drive memory, used by Abstract Data Types. Abstract Data Types represents an important topic across a variety of application domains, but for several projects the method of memory allocation for the use of Abstract Data Types, presented in the built-in classes of the programming language C#, is not suitable by the reason oflarge possible memory loss. Method, reviewed in this article, can be implemented in other object-oriented programming languages. Sphere of application of represented method encompasses multiple types of Abstract Data Types, such as “list”, “stack”, “queue”, “deq” and several other. Implementation of reviewed solution requires usage of built-in class “array”. Realisated classes become alternative patterns for built-in classes. The ways of usage of a new solutions is similary to the previous ones. Implementation of reviewed solution is done using Microsoft Visual Studio 2017.The results include theoretical conclusions drawn on the basis of practical research.

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New Formula to Calculate the Size of the Corneal Flap for Autologous Ipsilateral Rotational Keratoplasty

Abstract— A new formula for autologous ipsilateral rotational keratoplasty has been designed and verified by surgical procedure on 19 eyes. The formula is found to be successful in all cases. The diameter (D) of the cornea to be rotated is equal to the length of scar from one side of pupillary margin in semidark room, nearest to the scar to the farthest end of the scar (L) nearest to center of pupil, added to the pupillary diameter (Pd) in semidarkness. The direction of rotation of scar is just opposite of radius under consideration and off center by 0.5mm (trephine is put on 0.5mm outside the pupillary margin.

D=L+Pd

Minimum clear cornea required for rotational flap is 4 mm on one side of the pupil. In eyes with eccentric corneal opacities partially involving the pupillary area, using a rotational corneal autograft, can revitalise vision. This procedure does not warrant immunological rejection associated with allografts.

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Value-at-Risk of JCP Stock and Analysis of Calendar Effects

Abstract— This paper presents the value-at-risk (VaR) analysis of J.C. Penney Company Inc. (JCP) stock daily negative log returns between 1993 and 2018. The statistical properties of JCP are thoroughly examined and a series of diagnostic tests are conducted to check the conditions of the time series data over the two decades. The GARCH and EGARCH models with normal distribution and Student’s t-distribution are used to estimate the volatility and VaR of the stock. By analyzing VaR, we show that there is currently a high risk of investing in JCP stock. In addition, this paper examines the calendar effects and seasonality of JCP stock through the fundamental properties of the data as well as the VaR. We compare the performance of the stock in four quarters which further confirms our result that JCP stock is at immense risk at this point in time. These results are valuable for anyone interested in evaluating and forecasting JCP stock. The methodology we use is applicable to any other stock that meets our test conditions and is more accurate and realistic in predicting volatility and VaR than the commonly used standard normal distribution based VaR model.

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Biological Removal of Nitrogen and Phosphorus using Activated Sludge Treatment in Meat Processing Wastewaters

Abstract—The main purpose of this study was to identify the best treatment techniques for wastewater discharged from meat processing. The organic matters in the meat industry wastewater are considerable and complex. To identify the organic component of wastewater we use the parameters to classify it. The most common parameters are the oxygen demand values. We have evaluated the two most common oxygen demand methods, the biochemical oxygen demand and the chemical oxygen demand. In this investigation thorough pretreatment studies were done using the activated sludge treatment.

This treatment was performed at optimal pH using different dosages of activated sludge.

Minimization of wastewaters discharges consist on keeping under continuous control: the quality of wastewaters; their treatment and disposal in an environmentally manner, optimization of processes, maintenance and respective design.

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Engineering Journal: July 2018

Energy Consumption Techniques for Wireless Sensor Networks Using PSO and TSA Algorithm

Abstract— Optimizing energy consumption is the main concern for designing and planning the operation of the Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). Clustering technique is one of the methods utilized to extend lifetime of the network and balancing energy consumption among sensor nodes of the network. In this paper, we propose the recently developed, heuristic optimization algorithms like Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Tabu Search Algorithm(TSA) as well as the traditional Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) clustering algorithms. A comparison is made with the well known cluster-based protocol approach developed for WSNs known as harmony search algorithm which is music based Meta heuristic optimization method. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed protocol using hybrid can reduce energy consumption and improve the network lifetime.

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The Use of Seismic Refraction Survey in Geotechnical Investigations

Abstract— The objective of this project was to use seismic refraction techniques to delineate the subsurface layers as a supplement to routine geotechnical investigations. Seismic velocities of the subsurface material were determined and used to find the possible composition of the subsurface materials and also to delineate the subsurface layers and their thicknesses. The seismic data was obtained using Geometric SmartSeis ST® 12-channel signal enhancement seismograph and Mark Product Limited® 48-Hz geophones. The survey was conducted along four traverse lines each with a length of 135m. It was determined from the seismic survey that the project site maybe underlain by dry loose sand, saturated sand and/or clay material. Information from two exploratory boreholes drilled to a maximum depth of 10.45m at the study area was consistent with the seismic refraction results obtained. The seismic results also showed there could be a fault at the project area along Traverse Line 1 and Traverse Line 2.

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Copolymerization of (p-2-Ethoxycarbonyl) cyclopropyl Styrene with Glycidyl Methacrylate

Abstract— The radical copolymerization of (p-2-ethoxycarbonyl)cyclopropyl styrene with glycidyl methacrylate has been investigated. The new cyclopropane- and epoxy-containing photosensitive copolymers have been prepared. The constant values of relative activity of the monomers have been determined and the parameters Q-e on Alfrey and Price have been calculated. The copolymerization constants of this compound (r₁) with glycidyl methacrylate (r₂) calculated on Feynman-Ross method are: r₁ = 1.15, r₂ = 0.42, respectively; values of parameters Q and e: Q₁ = 1.85, e₁ = -0.75, respectively. The composition and structure have been established and the photochemical investigations of the synthesized copolymer have been carried out. It has been established that structuring proceeds due to opening of cyclopropane ring, epoxide and carbonyl groups.

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Increase Kitchen Garden Productivity using IOT and Virtuino app

Abstract— Continuously increasing food prices of basic kitchen items, fruits and vegetables the poor and fixed income groups are suffering from the decreasing real incomes and purchasing power. The marginal increase in the income of the poor people to enable them to gain access to food and improve their nutrition is the need of the present time. The kitchen garden falls under bio-intensive and participatory innovation which can provide year round availability, access and consumption of adequate amount and varieties which supply not only the calorific demands but also the micronutrients by the resource poor. One of the easiest ways of ensuring access to a healthy diet that contains adequate macro- and micronutrients is to produce many different kinds of foods in the home garden. This is especially important in rural areas where people have limited income-earning opportunities and poor access to markets. Kitchen gardening contributes to household food security by providing direct access to food that can be harvested, prepared and fed to family members, often on a daily basis. Kitchen gardens can be grown in the empty space available at the backyard of the house or a group of women can come together, identify a common place or land and grow desired vegetables, fruits, cereals etc that can benefit the women and community as a whole. This leads to give the idea of automated kitchen gardening system. The system is designed to sense soil moisture and amount of light falling on the plants. When the moisture content in the soil is too low, the system will give command to start a pump and water the soil. Apart from this the Arduino and ESP8266 it will transmit information on moisture level and ambient light. You can monitor all the data from your smart phone by using Virtuino app. Then a twit can be send to your account automatically if the moisture falls below a given threshold value. It provides full control and monitoring of variables such as temperature, pest management and control works and more.

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50 m-range distance and position measurement method by using two searchlights for autonomous flight device

Abstract— In the present study, 50 m-range distance and position measurement method for autonomous flight device such as four-rotor drone by using two searchlights was proposed, and the precise distance/position measurement performance was evaluated in an outdoor situation. To realize over 10 m long-distance flight of the drone under unstable GPS signal situations such as under the bridge or inside tunnels for periodic inspections, the correct self-position measurement is important for the stable control. This study is to propose a simple method of over 50 m range autonomous four-rotor helicopter movement control using high power 300W two searchlights as InfraRed sources on the ground and the direction of the searchlights sets to the investigation target position such as bridge side. High power light sources of the two searchlights are enabled to measure the correct drone position via an attached drone's camera with an InfraRed filter, and it realizes 1.5 m standard deviation position estimation error when 50 m distance in an outdoor daylight situation. In addition, the limitation of the position detectable condition also measured and analyzed in other experiments. Our proposed method would be effective in the situation that there is no skilled the drone control operator and the flight by visual confirmation of man are hard conditions, and useful to develop the position measurement system with low cost.

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Engineering Journal: June 2018

Numerical Treatment of the Stochastic Advection-Diffusion Equation Using the Spectral Stochastic Techniques

Abstract— Stochastic advection diffusion equation (SADE) with multiplicative stochastic input is a practical mathematical model for different physical phenomena. In this paper, SADE will be studied using two spectral stochastic techniques. The first is the Wiener chaos expansion (WCE) technique and the second is the Wiener-Hermite expansion with perturbation (WHEP) technique. These techniques convert the SADE into a system of deterministic partial differential equation (DPDE) that can be solved using a deterministic numerical method which is suitable for the periodic boundary conditions. Convergence analysis is discussed and some of the second order moments are compared. The numerical results demonstrate the efficiency of both techniques. The WCE technique is more accuracy than the WHEP technique. The diffusion and advection coefficient and the intensity of Gaussian white noise play important roles in the SADE solution. The study shows that the WCE technique is more practical to get the closed form mean solution while the WHEP technique gets the mean solution in the form of an infinite series.

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Theory of Dipole-Exchange Spin Waves in a Ferromagnetic Nanotube. Consideration of Volume and Surface Modes

Abstract— The paper extends study of dipole-exchange spin waves in a ferromagnetic nanotube with a circular cross-section started by the author in the previous paper. The proposed model considers the magnetic dipole-dipole interaction, the exchange interaction, the anisotropy effects, the damping effects, the general boundary conditions and the existence of both volume and surface modes for the considered spin waves. Therefore, a new method of obtaining the values’ spectrum of the orthogonal (to the translation axis) wavenumbers for the investigated spin waves is proposed in addition to the previously obtained dispersion law. The method is based on the application of general boundary conditions for the magnetic field on a superposition of the above-mentioned modes. The obtained spectrum is shown to be a quasi-one-dimensional one – similar to that in a thin ferromagnetic field – for typical ferromagnetic nanotubes. Exploitation of the above-mentioned method essentially extends the area of application of the obtained results compared to the previous paper.

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Study on Different Types of Tenders, Tender Qualification/ Processing, Quantitative Techniques for Tendering, Planning and Monitoring

Abstract— Indian construction industry has played a vital role in the process of economic transformation and furtherance for over five decades and is the primary input for the socio-economic development of the country. Increasing complexity in design and involvement of numerous stakeholders in modern construction projects are huge challenge for both clients and contractors to meet criterion of skills and capabilities required to successfully deliver a project at bidding stage. Implementation of HAM (Hybrid- Annuity Model) to revive investments in road infrastructure projects, HAM has seen good initial success. About 30 highway projects have been awarded under HAM by the National Authority of India (NHAI) at a total cost of about 28,000crore. Half the projects awarded in HAM. This paper summaries the key changes and features which are brought under the new arrangement and provides a comparison with pat models.

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Hamilton's Principle for Search of Invariants at Creation, Evolution and Destruction of Nanomaterials

Abstract— It is shown that the kinetics of the evolution of a structure of materials under external influences occurs in accordance with the minimum production of entropy and is characterized by a lower absolute value of a free energy. Using the extinction contours, the local curvature of the dispersed crystal lattice of nickel, the stress values and the dislocation density were quantitatively evaluated. Based on the provisions of mesomechanics and nonequilibrium thermodynamics, the positions of the kinetics of physicochemical, mechanical and tribological properties of the metal interface under contact interaction are developed. The substantiation of the search for invariants in the creation, evolution and destruction of nanomaterials from the symmetry properties of space and time under various external influences is given, which has scientific and practical significance.

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Study of high-mobility thin films containing highly crystalline single-walled carbon nanotubes

Abstract— While data from various devices as Internet of Things (IoT) are scattered and isolated as silos at present, some expect that hundreds of billions of devices will be connected through the Internet by the early 2020s. To prevent radio interference of huge amounts of data, it is necessary to develop ubiquitous wearable devices that enable constant retention and sharing of data. We aim to establish the basic packaging technology for realizing the semiconductive thin films and circuits that make up such electronic devices, and we fabricated thin films using highly crystalline single-walled carbon nanotubes (HC-SWCNTs) by a wet-coating process and evaluated their electrical properties in this study. Our research has developed a technology to disperse HC-SWCNTs without impairing their crystallinity and succeeded in fabricating thin films from a dispersion liquid of HC-SWCNTs obtained by this technology. We also evaluated the Hall mobility of these thin films and found that a high Hall mobility of 1,000 cm2/Vs can be achieved by controlling the crystallinity. On the basis of the results of this study, we will pursue our research to establish a technology for packaging electronic circuits that take full advantage of the electronic properties of HC-SWCNTs by a wet-coating process.

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Development of a Low-Cost Arduino Based Laser Nephelometric Instrumentation for High Sensitivity determination of the Inflammatory Marker C-Reactive Protein (CRP)

Abstract— A simple low-cost (<60 USD) Arduino based laser nephelometric instrument, which is suitable for high sensitive immunoprecipitation detection is presented. A measuring range of up to 49 mg/L of dog C-Reactive Protein (CRP) is reported. Furthermore, the limit of detection (LOD) is determined to be 2.1 mg/L. Only 24 µL of dog serum samples are required. Assay-time is 6 minutes. We successfully demonstrated the good performance of the device on two low level (0 and 10.2 mg/L CRP) dog serum samples. The coefficient of variation (CV) was 10% at the level of 10.2 mg/L.

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Phacoablation by Ultraviolet Laser

Abstract— New method of multi mode fiberoptic endoscopic delivery of UV laser from Excimer can cause capsulorhexis and ablate cataract in human eyes. This shall eliminate LASER assisted cataract surgery which is exuberantly costly and also traditional phacoemulsification machine.

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