Engineering Journal September 2021

Effect of Processing Method of Kidney Beans (Phaseolus Vulgaris) on Carcass Quality, Organ Weight and Organoleptic Properties of Broiler

Abstract— Effect of processing method of kidney beans (phaseolus vulgaris) on carcass quality, organ weight and organoleptic properties of broiler was studied using one hundred and twenty day-old chicks (Arbo acre strain). Raw, dehulled and boiled KB were used for treatment 2, 3 and 4, respectively. Prior to grinding of KB, 50kg was boiled at 100 ⁰C for 1 hour, 10kg was dehulled by immersing in cool water for 20 hours, and seed coat removed. The work was carried out using completely randomized design, with four treatments and three replicates of 10 birds per replicate. Data collected were analyzed using SPSS version 22. The relative weight of liver, spleen and heart had no significant effect (p>0.05) within the dietary treatment. The weight of the liver was smaller in birds fed raw kidney beans meal and the liver was characterized by marked coagulative necrosis. The weight of the gizzard was significantly (p<0.05) higher in birds fed control diet. Furthermore there were no significant differences (p>0.05) in birds fed boiled, dehulled and control diets on the breast weight but significantly smaller in those fed raw diet meal. There were also no significant differences on the drumstick, thigh, neck and head size. Tenderness was not significantly affected by the dietary treatments. Juiciness, taste, and flavour intensity showed significant differences within the dietary treatment while overall acceptability showed a significant increase with the boiled kidney bean meal. Consequently, birds fed with BKD performed better in the organoleptic properties, while those on dehulled kidney beans meal gave better result for organ weight and carcass yield. In conclusion, sensory characteristics, organ weight, and carcass yield is an indication that kidney beans especially the boiled and dehulled one can serve as a feed ingredient in broiler ration would have no adverse effect.

Keywords— dehulled kidney beans, organoleptic properties, sensory characteristics.

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UHPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS of Ethanolic Extract of the Flowers from Spathodea Campanulata Beauv. in Cuba

Abstract— A sample of ethanolic extract of the flowers from Spathodea campanulata Beauv. was scrutinized using a UHPLC-DAD-MS/MS Thermo scientific Dionex Ultimate 3000 RS coupled to a Thermo scientific LTQ XL mass spectrometer. In addition, about nine different chemical compounds were tentatively identified in this species based on chromatography retention time (Rt), UV and MS/MS spectra and compared with those of isolated authentic compound and literature data in our country for the first time. Information obtained from these studies can be used as biomarkers in the identification and standardization of this flower as an herbal remedy and also towards monograph development on the plant.

Keywords— UHPLC, Flowers, Chemical compounds, Ethanolic extract, Spathodea campanulata.

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Comparison of different Poly vinyl chloride (PVC) /Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) blends and their properties

Abstract— The effects of micro and nanoscale calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) particles on the mechanical properties of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) were investigated. Type of (PVC S5070) were used as the matrix in this study, hydrocarb 95T CaCO₃ as a micro size particles, and SOCAL 312 CaCO₃ as a nano size particles with different phr (0 wt%, 10 wt% and 20 wt%). The nano-CaCO₃ particles were observed by FT-IR spectras. Nano- CaCO₃ increased the tensile strength and affected the tensile strength of PVC more than micro-CaCO₃ particles. The raise in hardness shore (A) is more considerable in nano-CaCO₃ filled PVC compared to that of micro-CaCO₃. TSDC test investigated that nano-CaCO₃ in PVC samples have greater electrical resistance, and the maximum volume resistivity in micro-CaCO₃ in PVC samples which mixed by ultrasonic. Thermal characterization of PVC samples were tested by DMA. Storage modulus and loss factor (tan δ) examined and showed that the storage modulus of PVC decreased as a function of temperature. The storage modulus can be increased concurrently by the presence of CaCO₃. The glass transition of nano-CaCO₃ sample mixed by ultrasonic has higher glass transition than other samples which mixed by normal mixing.

Keywords— Calcium carbonate, Polymer composites, PVC, Micro-CaCO₃, Nano-CaCo₃.

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Engineering Journal August 2021

Credit Card Fraud Detection using SMOTE and Ensemble Methods

Abstract— We focused on the study of using math modeling and machine learning to do big data analysis, therefore to detect Credit card fraud, which is one of the serious issues in real life. In order to detect credit card fraud, after reviewed many recent research, we chose the most popular models among credit card fraud detection, which are Random Forest (RF), and ANN with multi-layers (DNN). We evaluated the accuracy and recall of these models in detecting credit card fraud with or without SMOTE, and found out that there is no significant improvement in the accuracy of these models with or without SMOTE training, but RF with SOMTE has a little bit vantage than others. There is a significant improvement in recall of these three models with SMOTE training. Especially, with SMOTE training, ANN or DNN is of better performance in the recall than RF. Therefore, we combine RF and DNN to generate a hybrid model so that it produces better stability in accuracy and recall. The study discovered that neural network models have greater potential for finding abnormal data in the big data stream. This has important guiding significance for what mathematical model that credit card companies use to monitor the cash flow and remind customers of the possible risk of credit card fraud.

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Assessment of Some Heavy Metals as Contaminants in Petroleum Contaminated Soils of Eleme, Port Harcourt Nigeria

Abstract— Samples from petroleum contaminated soil of Eleme, Port Harcourt and from non petroleum contaminated soil, Awka, Nigeria serving as control were analyzed for heavy metals. The results of the analysis showed that the metals concentrations in mg/kg were Ni <0.05- 2.05, Cr 0.005- 0.37, Cd <0.005- 0.008, Zn 0.14 – 2.87 Pb <0.02- 0.19 Fe 12.32-29.11, Mn < 0.008- 0.036, Se <0.001, as <0.001, and V <0.001. Majority of the metal concentrations were above those of the control. Though the values obtained did not exceed soil quality standards stipulated in the Environmental Management Regulations, 2007, the toxic metals could accumulate to a threatening level over a period of time. Food poisoning, occupational hazards and various disorders emanate from heavy load of toxic metals in our environment.

Environmental pollution may result from industrial and commercial activities when substances resulting from these activities enter the environment and attain levels which may cause discomfort and / or harm to man and his environment (Udosen et al, 1990). From the point of view of environmental pollution, metals may be broadly classified into three categories namely, non-toxic but accessible, toxic but non-accessible and toxic and accessible .It is the third category that has attracted more attention from the point of view of environmental pollution and public health (Dara, 2008).

Moriber (1974) reported that the consumption of waste water from a mine which produced cadmium, zinc and lead resulted in rickets-like disease called itai-itia.

Keywords— Heavy Metals as Contaminants, Petroleum Contaminated Soils, Port Harcourt, soil quality, toxic metals.

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Engineering Journal June 2021

Application of Data Mining Techniques using Internet of Things

Abstract— The generation and growing power of computer science have boosted data collection, storage, and manipulation as data sets are broad in size and complexity level. Internet of Things (IOT) is the most popular term in describing this new interconnected world. The massive data generated by the Internet of Things (IoT) are considered of high business value, and data mining algorithms can be applied to IoT to extract hidden information from data. As more and more devices connected to IoT, the latest algorithms should be applied to IOT. This paper explores a systematic review of various data mining models as well as its applications in the Internet of things along with its advantages and disadvantages.

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Fusing Optimal Odometry Calibration and Partial Visual Odometry via A Particle Filter for Autonomous Vehicles Navigation

Abstract— Autonomous vehicles are increasingly becoming ubiquitous in the 21st century; they find application in agriculture, industry, airplanes, cars, service robotics, and others; in order to display autonomous guidance, a vehicle needs to estimate its position and orientation relative to an arbitrary coordinate system; to do so, several sources of information can be used, including images, global positioning systems, inertial measurements or odometry, each according to the application; methods, such as Kalman Filter can be used to combine the several sources of information; however, the more accurate each source of information is, the better the estimation of vehicle position and orientation will be; therefore, the calibration of the parameters of the odometrical systems in autonomous terrestrial vehicles is a must; visual guidance is also an important technology used for vehicle guidance. In this paper, it is presented an off-line method for odometry calibration using a genetic algorithm and the fusion of odometry data with heading information from camera data; a particle filter is used to fuse the data from the optical encoder and the camera. This method was tested in an Automated Guided Vehicle (AGV) with tricycle topology, demonstrating high accuracy in position estimation and guidance through arbitrary paths.

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Engineering Journal May 2021

Prototype of a Monitoring System Based on the Arduino Platform and the Paradigm of Pan-Tilt Movement

Abstract— The following article presents the implementation of a low cost property security system through the use of the Arduino Uno board, which has a reasonable processing capacity and the ability to manipulate devices that perform functions of robotics and embedded instrumentation. The programming was carried out through the Servo.h library, which follows the Arduino integrated development environment (IDE) and functions designed to read analog and digital signals. The current prototype is formed by a webcam attached to a Pan-Tilt support, composed by two servomotors and being controlled through a 2-axis potentiometer joystick that allows the vertical and horizontal movement of the prototype. The captured images were recorded using software made available by the camera manufacturer. Consequently, the laptop used in the project played the role of a digital network video recorder (NVR) while discarding the need to use a video monitor. In this way, an electronic monitoring system was obtained, capable of functioning as an effective protection instrument.

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Person Re-identification

Abstract— Person re-identification could be essential operation for any multi-camera observation situation. Until presently, it has been performed by misusing fundamentally appearance prompts, hypothesizing that the people cannot alter their clothes. In this paper, we unwind this limitation by displaying a set of 3D soft-biometric signals, being uncaring to appearance varieties that are assembled utilizing RGB-D innovation. The point utilizes of these characteristics gives empowering exhibitions on a benchmark of 79 individuals that have been captured in different days and with different clothing. This advances a novel investigate heading for the re-identification community, backed moreover by the reality that an unused of affordable of RGB-D cameras have as of late attacked the around the world advertise.

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